Advancing Paternal Age Linked to Higher IVF Miscarriage Rates and Lower Live Birth Outcomes

Recent findings published in the journal Human Reproduction have revealed that men over the age of 45 are more likely to contribute to increased miscarriage rates and reduced chances of live birth during IVF treatment. This study challenges long-standing assumptions that sperm age has little influence beyond fertilisation.

Conducted across six IVF centres in Italy and Spain, the study analysed 1,712 egg donation cycles between 2019 and 2023. All cycles involved fresh donor eggs—averaging 26 years of age—and frozen sperm from male partners. The fertilised embryos were transferred to intended mothers, who had an average age of 43.

Participants were categorised into two groups based on paternal age: 45 years or younger, and over 45. Although fertilisation rates and early embryo development appeared similar across both groups, the outcomes revealed a concerning trend.

Miscarriage rates were significantly higher in the group with older male partners, rising to 23.8%, compared to 16.3% in the younger group.

Live birth rates also declined with paternal age—35.1% in the older group compared to 41% for younger men.

According to Dr. Maria Cristina Guglielmo, an embryologist at Eugin Italy, “Traditionally, maternal age has been the central focus in reproductive medicine, but our results show that the age of the male partner also plays a crucial and independent role.”

The study explains that as men age, ongoing sperm production increases the risk of DNA replication errors. These genetic changes can hinder embryo development and elevate the risk of miscarriage, regardless of the quality of the donor egg.

Dr. Guglielmo further emphasized the importance of patient education in fertility counseling: “Our findings underscore the need for fertility clinics to adopt a more balanced approach that recognises the role of paternal age. Clinics should ensure male patients are informed about how advancing paternal age can impact fertility potential, pregnancy success, and miscarriage risk.”

At GFHECIL, we remain committed to supporting couples on their fertility journey with evidence-based guidance, counselling, and high-quality care. We encourage individuals and couples to consult with qualified professionals to understand how age and other factors may influence fertility outcome